Preterm Twins Born to a Mother with Miliary Tuberculosis: Importance of Early Recognition and Prompt Response in Infection Control to Manage Congenital Tuberculosis Exposure in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Delayed diagnosis of congenital tuberculosis (TB) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is a serious problem terms infection control. Here, we report our preemptive control activities implemented after miliary TB mother preterm twins (index twins, NB1 and NB2) NICU. In addition, reviewed previous case reports exposure NICU setting. Immediately diagnosing mother, index were isolated before their received anti-TB medication; contact investigations also conducted. Eventually, was diagnosed with at 29 days age, NB2 showed no definite evidence TB. Through investigation, 11 16 exposed infants isoniazid prophylaxis positive tuberculin skin test results obtained 3 months. One 31 healthcare workers new interferon-gamma release assay conversion. Moreover, much shorter contagious period compared to that (8 versus 17–102 days). This suggests high suspicion prompt measures can help prevent outbreaks reduce burden